Linux Administration

Creating and activating a SWAP partition Check for any free space that is available in your HDD. [root@sunny ~]# parted GNU Parted 2.1 Using /dev/vda Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) print free                                                       Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vda: 21.5GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system     Flags         32.3kB  1049kB  1016kB            Free Space  1      1049kB  525MB   524MB   primary   ext4            boot  2      525MB   4720MB  4194MB  prima...

In Linux the file system is based on one root directory, or hierarchical top point with subdirectories below it. In which each sub-directories has its own importance like some act as mount points, some for log messages, some for all hardware devices etc. You can find a brief description of all the directories and sub directories below: / : Its the top most directory in any of the Unix based system. /bin : Essential command binaries that need to be available in single user mode; for all users, e.g. , cat, ls, cp. / boot : Boot loader files, e.g. , kernels, initrd etc. /dev : Information of all the hardware devices. /etc : All the config files. /home : Home directories of all the users in a particular machine. /media : Mount points for removable media such as USB, CD etc. /mnt : For temporary mount points. /opt : Optional software packages like openoffice etc. /root : Home directory of root user. /sbin : System binaries like init, ip etc. /tmp : Temporary files. Ofte...